Texting May Be Taking a Toll¹
By KATIE HAFNER

They do it late at night when their parents are asleep. They do it in restaurants and while crossing busy streets. They do it in the classroom with their hands behind their back. They do it so much their thumbs hurt.

Spurred² by the unlimited texting plans³ offered by carriers⁴ like AT&T Mobility and Verizon Wireless, American teenagers sent and received an average of 2,272 text messages per month in the fourth quarter of 2008, according to the Nielsen Company - almost 80 messages a day, more than double the average of a year earlier.

The phenomenon is beginning to worry physicians and psychologists, who say it is leading to anxiety, distraction in school, falling grades, repetitive stress injury and sleep deprivation⁵.

Dr. Martin Joffe, a pediatrician⁶ in Greenbrae, Calif., recently surveyed students at two local high schools and said he found that many were routinely sending hundreds of texts every day.

"That's one every few minutes," he said. "Then you hear that these kids are responding to texts late at night. That's going to cause sleep issues⁷ in an age group that's already plagued with sleep issues."

The rise in texting is too recent to have produced any conclusive data on health effects. But Sherry Turkle, a psychologist who is director of the Initiative on Technology and Self at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and who has studied texting among teenagers in the Boston area for three years, said it might be causing a shift in the way adolescents develop.

"Among the jobs of adolescence are to separate from your parents, and to find the peace and quiet to become the person you decide you want to be," she said. "Texting hits directly at both those jobs."

Psychologists expect to see teenagers break free from their parents as they grow into autonomous adults, Professor Turkle went on, "but if technology makes something like staying in touch very, very easy, that's harder to do; now you have adolescents who are texting their mothers 15 times a day, asking things like, 'Should I get the red shoes or the blue shoes?' "

As for peace and quiet, she said, "if something next to you is vibrating every couple of minutes, it makes it very difficult to be in that state of mind.

"If you're being deluged⁸ by constant communication, the pressure to answer immediately is quite high," she added. "So if you're in the middle of a thought, forget it."

Michael Hausauer, a psychotherapist in Oakland, Calif., said teenagers had a "terrific interest in knowing what's going on in the lives of their peers, coupled with a terrific anxiety about being out of the loop." For that reason, he said, the rapid rise in texting has potential for great benefit and great harm.

"Texting can be an enormous tool," he said. "It offers companionship and the promise of connectedness. At the same time, texting can make a youngster feel frightened and overly exposed."

...Annie Wagner, 15, said that although her school, like most, forbids cellphone use in class, with the LG phone⁹ she could text by putting it under her coat or desk.

......Teachers are often oblivious. "It's a huge issue, and it's rampant¹⁰," said Deborah Yager, a high school chemistry teacher in Castro Valley, Calif. Ms. Yager recently gave an anonymous survey to 50 of her students; most said they texted during class.

....Dr. Joffe says parents tend to be far less aware of texting than of, say, video game playing or general computer use, and the unlimited plans often mean that parents stop paying attention to billing details. "I talk to parents in the office now," he said. "I'm quizzing them, and no one is thinking about this."

Still, some parents are starting to take measures. Greg Hardesty, a reporter in Lake Forest, Calif., said that late last year his 13-year-old daughter, Reina, racked up 14,528 texts in one month. She would keep the phone on after going to bed, switching it to vibrate and waiting for it to light up and signal an incoming message.

Mr. Hardesty wrote a column about Reina's texting in his newspaper, The Orange County Register, and in the flurry of attention¹¹ that followed, her volume soared to about 24,000 messages. Finally, when her grades fell precipitously¹², her parents confiscated the phone.

Reina's grades have since improved, and the phone is back in her hands, but her text messages are limited to 5,000 per month - and none between 9 p.m. and 6 a.m. on weekdays.

......... "Even though they text 3,500 messages a week, when they walk out of their ballet lesson, they're upset to see their dad in the car on the BlackBerry," she said. "The fantasy of every adolescent is that the parent is there, waiting, expectant, completely there for them."
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Source: The New York Times, May 26, 2009


Annotations:
1. to take a toll - einen Tribut fordern
2. to spur - anspornen
3. unlimited texting plan - SMS flatrate
4. carrier - Telefongesellschaft, Anbieter
5. sleep deprivation - Schlafmangel, -entzug
6. pediatrician - Kinderarzt
7. sleep issues - Schlafprobleme
8. to deluge - überschütten, überfluten
9. LG phone - new generation of GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) phones by the company LG (Life's Good)
10.rampant - weit verbreitet
11.flurry of attention - plötzliche Aufmersamkeit
12.precipitously - steil


Assignments:
1. Why are these young people mentioned above attracted by texting?
2. Too much texting can have physical and psychic efefcts on young people. What are these?
3. Explain the following quote from the text above: "Among the jobs of adolescence are to separate from your parents, and to find the peace and quiet to become the person you decide you want to be," she said. "Texting hits directly at both those jobs."
4. Do you think that texting can compensate for a lack of face-to-face communication?
5. Is texting such a big problem at your school as it seems to be among American young people? And is there a difference between boys and girls in respect of the amount of texting?